What you will study
The course seeks to provide all students with an in-depth knowledge and understanding of the core areas of pharmaceutical science and associated legal framework for the use of therapeutic agents in society. These include learning how to design, synthesise and develop drugs through the study of appropriate examples as well as an understanding of how the regulatory framework is intertwined with practical and scientific considerations. Thus the programme emphasises the acquisition of practical scientific skills as well as up-to-date theoretical knowledge in the area of pharmaceutical science and the regulation of the use of medicines.
Alongside this discipline-specific practical and theoretical knowledge however, students will also be able to develop their independent learning skills using various sources and be given opportunities to enhance their written and oral communication skills. Such generic skills prepare students for graduate employment in many scientific disciplines generally, but especially in the area of regulatory affairs where attention to detail around the legislative framework in which drugs are used and distributed is of paramount importance.
The degree is aimed at preparing students to work in the pharmaceutical industry and public sector. The course covers synthetic chemistry, drug discovery and development, formulation, clinical trials, quality control and analysis, toxicity and safety testing, pharmacovigilance, the mechanism of action of drugs used to treat some of the major diseases (eg cardiovascular diseases, cancer and dementia) and regulatory affairs.
Please note that this is an indicative list of modules and is not intended as a definitive list. Those listed here may also be a mixture of core and optional modules.
Year 1
Year 1 introduces biology, chemistry, and physiology, and pharmaceutical science itself. The Foundation Chemistry for Pharmaceutical Science module introduces formulation science, pharmacokinetics and molecular modelling, emphasising practical work and instrumental techniques. An academic skills module covers all the fundamental transferable skills that employers value eg. use of IT, problem solving. An academic skills module covers mathematics, statistics, generic study skills and information technology, giving you skills valued by employers.
Core modules
Introduction to Spectroscopy and Experimental Techniques
30 credits
This module provides an introduction to basic laboratory techniques and procedures such as weighing and volumetry, proceeding to descriptions of laboratory manipulations, elemental analysis and general practical knowledge. There is included an introduction to spectroscopic techniques in terms of simple theory, as well as a practical introduction to the identification of simple organic compounds. These compounds will sometimes be synthesised in the course of the practical element of the module, which will also serve to demonstrate laboratory techniques of preparation and purification of these organic materials.
Academic Skills for Molecular Sciences
30 credits
This is a core module for all chemistry and pharmaceutical science programmes. The module aims to give you a thorough grounding in mathematics, statistics, key and transferable skills (e.g. exam strategy, effective use of calculators, library and referencing, avoiding plagiarism, problem solving and personal development planning etc.) and IT skills.
Foundation Chemistry
30 credits
This is a core module for Pharmaceutical Science degree courses. The module revises some content taught at A-Level before expanding on this content to give foundation knowledge of the core chemistry concepts required for progress within the field of pharmaceutical science.
Bioscience 1
30 credits
This module introduces the fundamental principles of the biochemical processes that occur within the cell. he module deals with prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure, basic tissue types, microbial entities and organisms that include; viruses, bacteria and fungi. In addition, It is designed to introduce cell biology and microbiology, particularly with reference to human physiology and the pathological microorganisms affecting it. The module progresses from the subcellular through to the cellular and then to tissues and a few selected organ systems; examining the mechanisms that maintain homeostatic balance.
On successful completion of the module, you will be able to:
- Describe the major cell components of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, their chemical metabolites and macromolecular components, together with the structure and composition of cellular entities including; chromosomes, genes, membranes and organelles.
- Describe the variety of organisms studied in the discipline of microbiology and the fundamental aspects of disease caused by microbial organisms.
- Explain the common metabolic pathways involved in the anabolism and catabolism of simple and complex molecules and their control and regulation.
- Describe information storage and utilisation within cells.
- Discuss the structural and functional characteristics of major tissue types of the human body and relate the importance of the variety of organ systems in the body to homeostatic mechanisms.
Year 2
Year 2 places emphasis on organic and medicinal chemistry and develops practical skills, especially in pharmaceutical analysis - important in relation to the actions and characterisation of drugs. Building on the pharmaceutical chemistry learned in Year 1, you will study the properties and formulation of pharmaceuticals. You will also study the effect of drugs in living systems and the principles of the immune system. There will be an introduction to micro-organisms in relation to human disease, their control and safe working practices. Year 2 explores organic and medicinal chemistry applied to the design and synthesis of drug molecules. Year 2 also focuses on the experimental aspects of pharmaceutical science, developing skills for conducting independent laboratory investigations. There is also the opportunity to develop other transferable skills, important to your employability and career planning.
Core modules
Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
30 credits
This is a core module Level 5 module for the Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science fields.
The module seeks to develop and expand your knowledge of both Organic Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry subject areas and introduces important principles, reactions and mechanisms in organic chemical reactivity as well as basic mechanisms of drug action. It develops your understanding of the methodology of organic synthesis following concepts introduced at level 4 and includes important organic chemistry topics such as carbanion reactivity of carbonyl compounds, the reactions of aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds, stereochemistry, asymmetric synthesis and retrosynthesis
It also introduces the specific reasons why a small amount of a drug molecule can exert a complex biological response. It uses examples from a range of medicinal areas in order to illustrate these key processes as well as giving an introduction on the ideas of drug design and the role this plays in the modern pharmaceutical industry.
This module also gives you experience of using spectroscopic techniques for chemical structure elucidation. Lectures and workshops are designed to develop your problem solving and team working skills. Practical skills will also be developed during two 3-hour laboratory experiments from week 9-12 of teaching block 1. These experiments will reinforce the concepts of enolate and aromatic chemistry taught during teaching block 1. In teaching block 2, you will also present a poster concerning a medicinal natural product, to integrate organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry in a real-world context. This module is essential those wishing to take the more advanced Level 6 Organic Chemistry modules.
Pharmacology and Pharmaceutics
30 credits
This module incorporates elements of pharmacology, toxicology, immunology and pharmaceutics (including formulation science). The module gives a grounding in the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion which underlies many of the toxicological and pharmacological effects of biological agents. In addition, how drug formulation affects the bioavailability of a drug and how the physiology of the human system affects these processes will be discussed. The module includes an introduction to immunology which is considered important as recent developments in drug development involve antibodies as therapeutic agents. Major factors involved in the effective and safe delivery of therapeutic agents to human populations will be reviewed.
On successful completion of the module, you will be able to:
- Demonstrate how different formulations of a medicinal product affect pharmacodynamics (how drugs cause change in the body) and pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion).
- Outline the concepts of both the innate and adaptive immune system.
- Examine the effects and response to environmental, chemical and microbial toxins.
- Discuss the various types of dosage form design and explain the relevant physico-chemical principles involved in the choice of dosage form.
Analytical Science
30 credits
This module is a core requirement in the Pharmaceutical Science, Forensic science and Biochemistry fields. The module introduces students to the applications of analytical science within analytical biochemistry, clinical chemistry, forensic analysis and the pharmaceutical sciences. It allows you to build your knowledge, practical skills and interpretation skills whilst implementing the analytical process model using scenario-based learning.
Practical and Research Skills in Pharmaceutical Science
30 credits
This module deals with new laboratory techniques to enable development of practical skills and data interpretation through a range of experiments that encompass organic synthesis, drug formulation and pharmacology/immunology. The module aims to provide the skills and methodologies to partake in a research programme, such as literature searching, data analysis and producing a short critical analysis of a research article.
On successful completion of the module, you will be able to:
- Employ a variety of practical techniques to prepare isolate, purify and identify synthesised compounds and/or drugs/metabolites.
- Use appropriate computer-aided resources to complete assignments, draw chemical structures; to retrieve information from databases and analysis of data and/or research paper.
- Demonstrate an awareness for research planning and execution.
- Produce a short critical analysis of a current/topical research journal article.
- Carry out research on potential careers open to pharmaceutical science graduates and to present and explain findings to peer group.
- Plan and report practical work in a manner appropriate to the pharmaceutical industry.
Optional sandwich year
An optional sandwich year between Years 2 and 3 provides the opportunity to gain experience of how pharmaceutical science is applied in an industrial situation. The industrial placement tutor will help you find a paid placement.
Year 3/4
Year 3 exposes you to specialised areas of pharmaceutical science which includes how drugs are manufactured in industry and how they are introduced onto the shelf. You will learn about new and innovative research linked to pharmaceutical science including new methods of drug delivery. Year 3's Topics in Pharmaceutical Science module enables specialism in particular, specialist areas of pharmaceutical science. You will also undertake a year-long research project, applying, in an experimental context, the theoretical knowledge you have gained in the previous two years. Year 3 has two option modules: one develops and enhances analytical skills, crucial to all aspects of the production of pharmaceuticals in the UK; the other deepens knowledge of natural product chemistry.
Core modules
Regulatory Affairs For Pharmaceutical Science
30 credits
This module sets out to develop the theme of regulatory affairs. The regulation of medicines is dealt with both within a general framework and specific areas including manufacturing, dealing with specialist products, regulation in clinical use, and licensing. Medicines (and devices) regulation within the UK and abroad and the supra-national framework will be described and knowledge developed. Regulatory matters will be related to previous module experience, so that you will develop an understanding of how the regulations intertwine with practical and scientific considerations. This module introduces you to the different phases and types of clinical trials and the associated legal, regulatory and ethical issues.
Project
30 credits
This module is a core module for Level 6 Pharmaceutical Science, Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences top up and Pharmaceutical Studies students and an option module for Forensic Science students. The module provides you with an opportunity to undertake a scientific project and develop skills required to plan a project, develop a methodology, analyse the data and disseminate the results. Two types of projects are offered to you: an experimental or a non-experimental project. The end point is the same in both cases: review and critical evaluation of data generated from laboratory experiments or collected from published works.
Topics in Pharmaceutical Science
30 credits
This module is a core module for the Pharmaceutical Science BSc and Integrated Masters courses. This module aims to address the need for a synoptic/capstone module which draws the whole course together. It introduces various aspects of chemical and pharmaceutical industry pertinent to their future career and aims to cover a wide range of topics covering Drug Delivery, Polymers and Biomaterials, patents, intellectual property, health and safety, and legislation. Many of the descriptive parts of the module are reinforced by workshops and group debate to develop their communication, teamwork and independent learning skills. There are also lectures, workshops and practical sessions to demonstrate and reinforce the concept learnt.
Optional modules
Advanced Analytical Science
30 credits
This is a core module of MPharmSci (Hons) Pharmaceutical Science and MChem(Hons) Chemistry and an option for BSc(Hons) Chemistry and BSc(Hons) Pharmaceutical Science students. It takes forward the themes of spectroscopy that were introduced in the previous modules and develops a more rigorous theoretical footing and advanced applications. In parallel to this, analytical themes are introduced covering radiochemical analysis, electroanalysis and thermal analysis.
